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KMID : 0378019760190030301
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New Medical Journal
1976 Volume.19 No. 3 p.301 ~ p.309
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Distribution of Lithium and Its Effect on Cations in Rat Tissues
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the distribution levels of lithium in the plasma, erythrocytes and tissues (brain, muscle, liver, kidney, heart, hypophysis and adrenal gland) and to determine alteration of levels of other cations in those organs influenced by lithium ion. White male rats weighed 200g in average, divided into 3 groups, were used for this study as follow. first group, 15 rats as control had free access to drinking water. Second group, 15 rats received 5mEq/kg/day of lithium per os for 6 days (A), and third group, 20 rats received 1mEq/kg/day of lithium per os for 60 days (B). Tissues obtained from the rats after completion of planned administration period of lithium, were digested by Chang´s method and levels of lithium and other cations were measured by atomic absorption spectrometer after ionizing with the lanthanum caesium solution and eliminating viscosity and froths from plasma with butanol and octanol.
RESULT
(1) A minute amount of lithium was traced from all tissues as well as erythrocytes and plasma of the control group: However in the bone tissue relatively high concentration of lithium was noted in comparison with other tissues.
(2) It was noted that the lithium ion was highly concentrated in group A. It means that the level of distribution was closely related to dosage rather than duration of administration. .
(3) Erythrocytes/plasma ratio of lithium was lower (0.844) in group A in comparison with that of group B. It reflected that lithium influx into erythrocytes was considerably slow, regarding that the ratio was relatively proportional to the duration of administration of it.
(4) In comparison of the amount of infiltrated lithium into bone tissue with that into muscles, more amount of lithium infiltrated into the bone tissues upon long term administration of it.
(5) Infiltration of lithium into brain took longer in time than that of lithium into the muscles, and from the brain it tended to excrete continuously for longer period.
(6) The concentration level of Mg ion in lithium treated rats was increased in plasma,
erythrocytes, brain and kidney, with a reversed picture in the bone.
(7) By and large, a great deal amount of lithium infiltrated into the bone tissue while Ca and Mg ions seemed to be expelled by lithium.
(8) A marked decrease of Na ion and slight diminution of K ion in the brain after administration of lithium in this study were in accord with the results of several studies previously done by others. Na ion might enhance alteration of Na+-K--ATPase function and result in a decrease of enzymatic activity, considering a hypothesis that lithium might substitute K ion in K+-site of this system. It suggests that the clinical effectiveness of lithium for mania may be closely related to above change in the enzymatic activity.
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KEYWORD
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